Is it permissible for women to lead prayers?

Women often gather for various religious and general activities during which the time for prayer falls. They wish to perform it in congregation to earn its reward and the social benefits that it provides. However, some ladies inquire whether it is permissible for a woman to raise her voice in the call to prayer (adhan) and for one of them to lead congregational prayer, such that she recites the iqamah and takbir aloud and the other women follow her.

It is permissible for a woman to follow another woman in congregational prayer provided that the woman leading it meets the conditions of being just (i.e., performs her obligatory duties and avoids sins), reciting correctly, and other requirements. Moreover, the woman leading the prayer must stand with the rest of the women in the first row and not ahead of them based on obligatory precaution. As for a woman raising her voice in the call to prayer, it is permissible provided that it does not entail softening and beautifying such that it would normally arouse the listener.

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